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-version 1.40, 2025/05/03 04:05:23
+version 1.54, 2025/05/07 19:03:06
  Line 4
  @settitle The FreeM Manual
  @copying
- This manual is for FreeM, (version 0.64.0-rc1), which is a free software@footnote{FreeM subscribes to the software licensing philosophy described in @emph{Free Software, Free Society:
+ This manual is for FreeM, (version 0.64.0), which is a free software implementation of the M programming language.
- Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman}.} implementation of the M programming language.
  Print-optimized versions of this book are typeset in @emph{Computer Modern} by the author using the @emph{GNU Texinfo} tools.
- Line 20  Permission is granted to copy, distribut
+ Line 19  Permission is granted to copy, distribut
  @title The FreeM Manual
  @subtitle @sc{The Official Manual of FreeM}
- @subtitle Version 0.64.0-rc1
+ @subtitle Version 0.64.0
  @c@vskip 10pt
  @c@center @image{freem-logo-sm,,,,.png}
  @author Serena Willis
- Line 101  This is the official manual for the Free
+ Line 100  This is the official manual for the Free
  * Accessing FreeM from C Programs::     How to use the mlib interface.
  * FreeM Administrator::                 The fmadm system manager tool.
- * FreeM Legacy Utilities::              FreeM legacy system manager utilities.
  * FreeM VIEW Commands and Functions::   Getting and setting info about FreeM internals.
  * Implementation Limits::               FreeM limitations.
  * US-ASCII Character Set::              The US-ASCII character set.
- Line 272  Refers to an M intrinsic special variabl
+ Line 270  Refers to an M intrinsic special variabl
  Indicates a @emph{list} of the following item, e.g., @emph{L gvn} means @emph{list of global variable names}.
  @item @emph{lvn}
  Refers to the name of an M local variable.
+ @item @emph{postcondition}
+ A @emph{tvexpr} immediately following a command verb affecting that command's execution.
  @item @emph{strlit}
  Refers to an M string literal.
  @item @emph{ssvn}
  Refers to the name of an M structured system variable.
  @item @emph{tvexpr}
- Refers to a truth-valued expression.
+ Refers to a truth-valued expression, i.e., an expression interpreted as a truth value.
  @end table
  @node A Note on Standards
  Line 440  Attempting to start a FreeM interpreter
  The FreeM direct-mode environment is the mode entered when FreeM is invoked without the use of @option{-r @emph{<entryref>}} or @option{--routine=@emph{<entryref>}}:
  @example
- Coherent Logic Development FreeM version 0.64.0-rc1 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
+ Coherent Logic Development FreeM version 0.64.0 (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
  Copyright (C) 2014, 2020, 2021 Coherent Logic Development LLC
  Line 699  Please note that FreeM is not entirely s
  * $SYSTEM::                  MDC system ID of FreeM.
  * $TEST::                    Truth value of last conditional expression or result of certain @code{LOCK} operations.
  * $TLEVEL::                  Current level of transaction nesting.
- * $WITH::                    Current variable prefix set by @code{WITH} command.
+ * $WITH::                    Current variable prefix set by @code{ZWITH} command.
  * $X::                       Current horizontal screen position.
  * $Y::                       Current vertical screen position.
  * $ZA::                      Current position of file on @code{$IO}.
  Line 895  uncommitted transactions exist.
  @cindex $WITH
  @cindex intrinsic special variables, $WITH
- Returns the variable prefix set by the @code{@ref{WITH}} command.
+ Returns the variable prefix set by the @code{@ref{ZWITH}} command.
  @node $X
  @section $X
  Line 1114  See @emph{https://wiki.osdev.org/Target_
  * $ZLSD()::                             Compute Levenshtein distance between two arguments.
  * $ZM()::                               Unknown.
  * $ZNAME()::                            Unknown.
- * $ZNEXT()::                            Unknown.
+ * $ZNEXT()::                            Return glvn of next numeric subscript following given glvn.
  * $ZORDER()::                           Unknown.
  * $ZPIECE()::                           Unknown.
  * $ZPREVIOUS()::                        Unknown.
  Line 1312  The optional second argument indicates t
  @cindex intrinsic functions, $NEXT
  Deprecated. Use @code{$ORDER} instead.
+ Returns the next numeric subscript of the specified glvn.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ $NEXT(@emph{glvn})
+ @end example
+ @emph{Example}
+ Assume the following array:
+ @example
+ ^foo(1)=""
+ ^foo(2)=""
+ @end example
+ And the following code:
+ @example
+  W $ZNEXT(^foo(1)) ; => 2
+ @end example
  @node $ORDER()
  @section $ORDER
- Line 1712  Returns the Levenshtein distance between
+ Line 1734  Returns the Levenshtein distance between
  @cindex intrinsic functions, $ZM
  @cindex intrinsic functions, implementation-specific
+ Purpose unknown.
  @node $ZNAME()
  @section $ZNAME
  @cindex $ZNAME
- Line 1720  Returns the Levenshtein distance between
+ Line 1744  Returns the Levenshtein distance between
  Purpose unknown.
+ This function relies on the value of @code{$VIEW(71)} being @code{0} (this is not the default).
  @node $ZNEXT()
  @section $ZNEXT
  @cindex $ZNEXT
  @cindex intrinsic functions, $ZNEXT
  @cindex intrinsic functions, implementation-specific
- Purpose unknown.
+ Returns a fully-formed variable reference of the next numeric subscript of the specified glvn.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ $ZNEXT(@emph{glvn})
+ @end example
+ @emph{Example}
+ Assume the following array:
+ @example
+ ^foo(1)=""
+ ^foo(2)=""
+ @end example
+ And the following code:
+ @example
+  W $ZNEXT(^foo(1)) ; => ^foo(2)
+ @end example
+ This function relies on the value of @code{$VIEW(71)} being @code{1} (this is the default).
  @node $ZORDER()
  @section $ZORDER
- Line 2012  Identical to @ref{$TRANSLATE()}, except
+ Line 2061  Identical to @ref{$TRANSLATE()}, except
  * !::                                   Run an external program or command.
  * !!::                                  Launch a subshell from FreeM direct mode.
  * ABLOCK::                              Increment the block counter for one or more event classes.
- * ASSERT::                              Raise error when a conditional expression evaluates @emph{false}.
  * ASTART::                              Enable asynchronous event handling for one or more event classes.
  * ASTOP::                               Disable asynchronous event handling for one or more event classes.
  * AUNBLOCK::                            Decrement the block counter for one or more event classes.
  * BREAK::                               Interrupt a running routine to allow interactive debugging.
  * CLOSE::                               Close an input/output device.
- * CONST::                               Define a constant that cannot be altered after initial definition.
  * DO::                                  Transfer program control to one or more subroutines or introduces a new execution level.
  * ELSE::                                Execute the remainder of a line if @code{@ref{$TEST}} evaluates @emph{false}.
  * FOR::                                 Repeat execution of a line or block of code.
- Line 2031  Identical to @ref{$TRANSLATE()}, except
+ Line 2078  Identical to @ref{$TRANSLATE()}, except
  * KSUBSCRIPTS::                         Kill only the descendant subscripts of a local, global, global, or structured system variable.
  * KVALUE::                              Kill only the value of a local, global, or structured system variable.
  * LOCK::                                Control advisory locking for concurrency control.
- * MAP::                                 Map a global name to a non-default namespace.
  * MERGE::                               Merge contents of one local, global, or structured system variable into another.
  * NEW::                                 Introduce a new scope for a specified local variable or intrinsic special variable or instantiate an object.
  * OPEN::                                Open a sequential or socket input/output device.
- Line 2040  Identical to @ref{$TRANSLATE()}, except
+ Line 2086  Identical to @ref{$TRANSLATE()}, except
  * SET::                                 Set the value of a local variable, global, intrinsic special variable, or structured system variable.
  * TCOMMIT::                             Commit a transaction.
  * THEN::                                Preserve @code{@ref{$TEST}} until the end of the current line.
- * THROW::                               Programmatically raise an error condition.
  * TROLLBACK::                           Roll back all pending transactions.
  * TSTART::                              Introduce a new transaction processing level.
- * UNMAP::                               Remove a mapping of a global to a non-default namespace.
  * USE::                                 Set the currently-active input/output device.
  * VIEW::                                Modify FreeM internal parameters.
- * WATCH::                               Enable or disable watchpoints, or set or clear watchpoints on specified globals, locals, or structured system variables.
- * WITH::                                Set prefix for future variable references.
  * WRITE::                               Write output to current input/output device.
  * XECUTE::                              Interpret string as M code.
- * ZBREAK::                              Unknown.
+ * ZASSERT::                             Raise error when a conditional expression evaluates @emph{false}.
- * ZGO::                                 Unknown.
+ * ZBREAK::                              Enable/disable ZBREAK mode.
- * ZHALT::                               Unknown.
+ * ZCONST::                              Define a constant that cannot be altered after initial definition.
+ * ZGOTO::                               @code{GOTO} with @code{BREAK} control.
+ * ZHALT::                               Exit FreeM job with return value.
  * ZINSERT::                             Insert code into routine buffer.
- * ZJOB::                                Unknown.
+ * ZJOB::                                Invoke job, ignoring any timeouts.
  * ZLOAD::                               Load routine into routine buffer.
+ * ZMAP::                                Map a global name to a non-default namespace.
  * ZNEW::                                Unknown.
  * ZPRINT::                              Print contents of routine buffer.
- * ZQUIT::                               Unknown.
+ * ZQUIT::                               Quit multiple stack levels at once.
  * ZREMOVE::                             Remove code from routine buffer.
  * ZSAVE::                               Save routine buffer to disk.
- * ZTRAP::                               Unknown.
+ * ZTHROW::                              Programmatically raise an error condition.
+ * ZTRAP::                               Raise a FreeM error.
+ * ZUNMAP::                              Remove a mapping of a global to a non-default namespace.
+ * ZWATCH::                              Enable or disable watchpoints, or set or clear watchpoints on specified globals, locals, or structured system variables.
+ * ZWITH::                               Set prefix for future variable references.
  * ZWRITE::                              Write local variable, global, or structured system variable to @code{@ref{$IO}}.
  @end menu
- Line 2183  In its inclusive form, @code{ABLOCK} inc
+ Line 2232  In its inclusive form, @code{ABLOCK} inc
  In its exclusive form, @code{ABLOCK} increments the block counters for all event classes @emph{except for} those named in the list, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is either @emph{true} or omitted.
- @node ASSERT
- @section ASSERT
- @cindex ASSERT
- @cindex commands, ASSERT
- @cindex commands, debugging
- @cindex commands, implementation-specific
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- @emph{FreeM Extension}
- Triggers error @code{ASSERT} if the supplied truth-valued expression @emph{tvexpr} is @emph{false} (@emph{1} is @emph{true}, and @emph{0} is @emph{false}), and that the optional @emph{postcondition} evaluates to @emph{true} or is omitted.
- The @code{ASSERT} error is catchable whether using standard-style, FreeM-style, or DSM 2.0-style error processing.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
-  ASSERT@emph{:postcondition} @emph{<tvexpr>}
- @end example
- @emph{Example}
- @example
- DEFAULT.USER> SET DEBUG=1
- DEFAULT.USER> ASSERT:DEBUG 1=1
- DEFAULT.USER> ASSERT:DEBUG 1=0
- >> Error ZASSERT:  programmer assertion failed in SYSTEM::^%SYSINIT  [$STACK = 0]
- >> ASSERT:DEBUG 1=0
-                    ^
- @end example
  @node ASTART
  @section ASTART
- Line 2359  In its argumentless form, @code{CLOSE} c
+ Line 2373  In its argumentless form, @code{CLOSE} c
  In its single-argument form, @code{CLOSE} closes the I/O device associated with channel @emph{channel}, provided that @emph{channel} represents a currently-open device, and the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
- @node CONST
- @section CONST
- @cindex CONST
- @cindex commands, CONST
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- @emph{FreeM Extension}
- Defines a local @emph{constant}, or variable that cannot be altered after its initial definition, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
- Constants must only be locals, and globals are not supported.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- @code{CONST@emph{:postcondition} @emph{mref1}=@emph{initial-value1},...,@emph{mrefN}=@emph{initial-valueN}}
- @end example
  @node DO
  @section DO
  @cindex DO
- Line 2651  In the above @emph{inclusive} form, @cod
+ Line 2648  In the above @emph{inclusive} form, @cod
  @cartouche
  @quotation
  @emph{Note}
- The below @emph{argumentless} and @emph{exclusive} forms of @code{KSUBSCRIPTS} are not implemented in FreeM, as of version 0.64.0-rc1, but are planned for a future release.
+ The below @emph{argumentless} and @emph{exclusive} forms of @code{KSUBSCRIPTS} are not implemented in FreeM, as of version 0.64.0, but are planned for a future release.
  @end quotation
  @end cartouche
- Line 2686  In the above @emph{inclusive} form, @cod
+ Line 2683  In the above @emph{inclusive} form, @cod
  @cartouche
  @quotation
  @emph{Note}
- The below @emph{argumentless} and @emph{exclusive} forms of @code{KVALUE} are not implemented in FreeM, as of version 0.64.0-rc1, but are planned for a future release.
+ The below @emph{argumentless} and @emph{exclusive} forms of @code{KVALUE} are not implemented in FreeM, as of version 0.64.0, but are planned for a future release.
  @end quotation
  @end cartouche
- Line 2742  If @code{LOCK} succeeds within @emph{tim
+ Line 2739  If @code{LOCK} succeeds within @emph{tim
  LOCK[@emph{:postcondition}] @emph{name}[:@emph{timeout}][,...@emph{name}[:@emph{timeout}]]
  @end example
- @node MAP
- @section MAP
- @cindex MAP
- @cindex commands, MAP
- @cindex commands, implementation-specific
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- Maps global name @code{gvn} to be mapped to the non-default namespace @emph{expr V namespace}, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} evaluates to @emph{true} or is omitted.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- MAP[@emph{:postcondition}] GLOBAL @emph{gvn}=@emph{expr V namespace}
- @end example
  @node MERGE
  @section MERGE
  @cindex MERGE
- Line 3006  Saves the value of @code{$TEST} until th
+ Line 2988  Saves the value of @code{$TEST} until th
  IF 1 THEN  WRITE "HELLO!",!
  @end example
- @node THROW
- @section THROW
- @cindex THROW
- @cindex commands, THROW
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- @emph{FreeM Extension}
- Raises an error condition as long as the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- @code{THROW@emph{:postcondition} @emph{expr V error-code}}
- @end example
- @emph{Example}
- @example
- @code{THROW "M102"}
- @end example
  @node TROLLBACK
  @section TROLLBACK
  @cindex TROLLBACK
- Line 3091  If you are using more than one transacti
+ Line 3052  If you are using more than one transacti
  TSTART (FOO,BAR):(SERIAL,TRANSACTIONID="FOO")
  @end example
- @node UNMAP
- @section UNMAP
- @cindex UNMAP
- @cindex commands, UNMAP
- @cindex commands, implementation-specific
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- Removes any mapping connecting @emph{gvn} to a non-default namespace, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} evaluates to @emph{true} or is omitted.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- UNMAP GLOBAL @emph{gvn}
- @end example
  @node USE
  @section USE
- Line 3409  VIEW 133:@emph{tvexpr}
+ Line 3356  VIEW 133:@emph{tvexpr}
  @end table
- @node WATCH
- @section WATCH
- @cindex WATCH
+ @node WRITE
- @cindex commands, WATCH
+ @section WRITE
+ @cindex WRITE
+ @cindex commands, WRITE
+ @node XECUTE
+ @section XECUTE
+ @cindex XECUTE
+ @cindex commands, XECUTE
+ @node ZASSERT
+ @section ZASSERT
+ @cindex ZASSERT
+ @cindex commands, ZASSERT
  @cindex commands, debugging
  @cindex commands, implementation-specific
  @cindex commands, non-standard
  @emph{FreeM Extension}
- Sets a watchpoint on a global, local, or SSVN node.
+ Triggers error @code{ZASSERT} if the supplied truth-valued expression @emph{tvexpr} is @emph{false} (@emph{1} is @emph{true}, and @emph{0} is @emph{false}), and that the optional @emph{postcondition} evaluates to @emph{true} or is omitted.
- @emph{Syntax}
+ The @code{ZASSERT} error is catchable whether using standard-style, FreeM-style, or DSM 2.0-style error processing.
+ @emph{Syntax}
- In its @emph{argumentless} form, @code{WATCH} toggles watchpoints on and off, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
  @example
- WATCH[@emph{:postcondition}]
+  ZASSERT@emph{:postcondition} @emph{<tvexpr>}
  @end example
- In its @emph{inclusive} form, @code{WATCH} adds, removes, or examines watchpoints, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
+ @emph{Example}
- A @code{+} adds a new watchpoint to the following variable.
- A @code{-} removes an existing watchpoint for the following variable.
- A @code{?} examines the status of a watchpoint for the following variable.
  @example
- WATCH[@emph{:postcondition}] [+|-|?]@emph{var1}...,[+|-|?]@emph{varN}
+ DEFAULT.USER> SET DEBUG=1
- @end example
- The following example demonstrates turning watchpoint processing on and adding a watchpoint for global variable @code{^snw(1)}. It then changes the value of @code{^snw(1)}.
+ DEFAULT.USER> ZASSERT:DEBUG 1=1
- @example
- DEFAULT.USER> WATCH
+ DEFAULT.USER> ZASSERT:DEBUG 1=0
- Watchpoints enabled.
- DEFAULT.USER> WATCH +^SNW(1)
- Added '^SNW("1")' to the watchlist.
- DEFAULT.USER> SET ^SNW(1)="new value"
+ >> Error ZASSERT:  programmer assertion failed in SYSTEM::^%SYSINIT  [$STACK = 0]
+ >> ZASSERT:DEBUG 1=0
- >> WATCHPOINT:  ^SNW("1") => 'new value' (changed 1 times)
+                    ^
  @end example
- The following example will remove that watchpoint:
+ @node ZBREAK
+ @section ZBREAK
+ @cindex ZBREAK
+ @cindex commands, ZBREAK
+ @cindex commands, debugging
+ @cindex commands, implementation-specific
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ Sets or clears the @code{ZBREAK} flag@footnote{NOTE: FreeM team needs to investigate how @code{zbreakon} and @code{zbflag} affect program execution.}, based on the result of evaluating @emph{tvexpr}.
+ @emph{Syntax}
  @example
- DEFAULT.USER> WATCH -^SNW(1)
+ ZBREAK @emph{tvexpr}
- Removed '^SNW("1")' from the watchlist.
- DEFAULT.USER> WATCH ?^SNW(1)
- '^SNW("1")' is not being watched.
  @end example
- @node WITH
+ @node ZCONST
- @section WITH
+ @section ZCONST
- @cindex WITH
+ @cindex ZCONST
- @cindex commands, WITH
+ @cindex commands, ZCONST
  @cindex commands, non-standard
  @emph{FreeM Extension}
- NOTE: This command may be deprecated and removed in future FreeM releases.
+ Defines a local @emph{constant}, or variable that cannot be altered after its initial definition, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
- Sets a prefix to be applied to all subsequent local variable or constant references.
+ Constants must only be locals, and globals are not supported.
  @emph{Syntax}
  @example
- @code{WITH@emph{:postcondition} @emph{var-prefix}}
+ @code{ZCONST@emph{:postcondition} @emph{mref1}=@emph{initial-value1},...,@emph{mrefN}=@emph{initial-valueN}}
  @end example
- In the above single-argument form, sets the @code{$WITH} prefix to @emph{var-prefix}, provided that the optional @emph{postcondition} is either @emph{true} or omitted.
+ @node ZGOTO
+ @section ZGOTO
+ @cindex ZGOTO
+ @cindex commands, ZGOTO
+ @cindex commands, implementation-specific
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ @emph{FreeM Extension}
- The @emph{var-prefix} argument may be a string literal or any valid FreeM expression.
+ In its argumented form, enables @code{BREAK} mode and branches unconditionally to @emph{entryref}.
+ @emph{Syntax}
  @example
- @code{WITH@emph{:postcondition}}
+ ZGOTO @emph{entryref}
  @end example
- In the above argumentless form, clears the @code{$WITH} prefix, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is either @emph{true} or omitted. Equivalent to @code{WITH ""}.
+ In its argumented form, resumes execution after a @code{BREAK}.
- @node WRITE
- @section WRITE
- @cindex WRITE
- @cindex commands, WRITE
- @node XECUTE
- @section XECUTE
- @cindex XECUTE
- @cindex commands, XECUTE
- @node ZBREAK
+ @emph{Syntax}
- @section ZBREAK
- @cindex ZBREAK
- @cindex commands, ZBREAK
- @cindex commands, debugging
- @cindex commands, implementation-specific
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- @emph{FreeM Extension}
- @node ZGO
+ @example
- @section ZGO
+ ZGOTO
- @cindex ZGO
+ @end example
- @cindex commands, ZGO
- @cindex commands, implementation-specific
- @cindex commands, non-standard
- @emph{FreeM Extension}
  @node ZHALT
  @section ZHALT
- Line 3534  In the above argumentless form, clears t
+ Line 3470  In the above argumentless form, clears t
  @cindex commands, non-standard
  @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ In its single-argumented form, @code{ZHALT} command is used to exit the FreeM process with a specific return value @emph{intexpr}.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ ZHALT @emph{intexpr}
+ @end example
+ In its argumentless form, @code{ZHALT} is synonymous with @code{HALT}.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ ZHALT
+ @end example
  @node ZINSERT
  @section ZINSERT
  @cindex ZINSERT
- Line 3570  Loads routine @emph{<routine-name>} into
+ Line 3522  Loads routine @emph{<routine-name>} into
  ZLOAD@emph{:postcondition} @emph{<routine-name>}
  @end example
+ @node ZMAP
+ @section ZMAP
+ @cindex ZMAP
+ @cindex commands, ZMAP
+ @cindex commands, implementation-specific
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ Maps global name @code{gvn} to be mapped to the non-default namespace @emph{expr V namespace}, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} evaluates to @emph{true} or is omitted.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ ZMAP[@emph{:postcondition}] GLOBAL @emph{gvn}=@emph{expr V namespace}
+ @end example
  @node ZNEW
  @section ZNEW
  @cindex ZNEW
- Line 3628  In its argumentless form, quits from @co
+ Line 3596  In its argumentless form, quits from @co
  @cindex commands, non-standard
  @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ @node ZTHROW
+ @section ZTHROW
+ @cindex ZTHROW
+ @cindex commands, ZTHROW
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ Raises an error condition as long as the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ @code{ZTHROW@emph{:postcondition} @emph{expr V error-code}}
+ @end example
+ @emph{Example}
+ @example
+ @code{ZTHROW "M102"}
+ @end example
  @node ZTRAP
  @section ZTRAP
  @cindex ZTRAP
- Line 3637  In its argumentless form, quits from @co
+ Line 3627  In its argumentless form, quits from @co
  @cindex commands, non-standard
  @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ Synonymous with @ref{ZTHROW}.
+ @node ZUNMAP
+ @section ZUNMAP
+ @cindex ZUNMAP
+ @cindex commands, ZUNMAP
+ @cindex commands, implementation-specific
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ Removes any mapping connecting @emph{gvn} to a non-default namespace, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} evaluates to @emph{true} or is omitted.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ ZUNMAP GLOBAL @emph{gvn}
+ @end example
+ @node ZWATCH
+ @section ZWATCH
+ @cindex ZWATCH
+ @cindex commands, ZWATCH
+ @cindex commands, debugging
+ @cindex commands, implementation-specific
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ Sets a watchpoint on a global, local, or SSVN node.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ In its @emph{argumentless} form, @code{ZWATCH} toggles watchpoints on and off, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
+ @example
+ ZWATCH[@emph{:postcondition}]
+ @end example
+ In its @emph{inclusive} form, @code{ZWATCH} adds, removes, or examines watchpoints, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is @emph{true} or omitted.
+ A @code{+} adds a new watchpoint to the following variable.
+ A @code{-} removes an existing watchpoint for the following variable.
+ A @code{?} examines the status of a watchpoint for the following variable.
+ @example
+ ZWATCH[@emph{:postcondition}] [+|-|?]@emph{var1}...,[+|-|?]@emph{varN}
+ @end example
+ The following example demonstrates turning watchpoint processing on and adding a watchpoint for global variable @code{^snw(1)}. It then changes the value of @code{^snw(1)}.
+ @example
+ DEFAULT.USER> ZWATCH
+ Watchpoints enabled.
+ DEFAULT.USER> ZWATCH +^SNW(1)
+ Added '^SNW("1")' to the watchlist.
+ DEFAULT.USER> SET ^SNW(1)="new value"
+ >> WATCHPOINT:  ^SNW("1") => 'new value' (changed 1 times)
+ @end example
+ The following example will remove that watchpoint:
+ @example
+ DEFAULT.USER> ZWATCH -^SNW(1)
+ Removed '^SNW("1")' from the watchlist.
+ DEFAULT.USER> ZWATCH ?^SNW(1)
+ '^SNW("1")' is not being watched.
+ @end example
+ @node ZWITH
+ @section ZWITH
+ @cindex ZWITH
+ @cindex commands, ZWITH
+ @cindex commands, non-standard
+ @emph{FreeM Extension}
+ NOTE: This command may be deprecated and removed in future FreeM releases.
+ Sets a prefix to be applied to all subsequent local variable or constant references.
+ @emph{Syntax}
+ @example
+ @code{ZWITH@emph{:postcondition} @emph{var-prefix}}
+ @end example
+ In the above single-argument form, sets the @code{$WITH} prefix to @emph{var-prefix}, provided that the optional @emph{postcondition} is either @emph{true} or omitted.
+ The @emph{var-prefix} argument may be a string literal or any valid FreeM expression.
+ @example
+ @code{ZWITH@emph{:postcondition}}
+ @end example
+ In the above argumentless form, clears the @code{$WITH} prefix, provided the optional @emph{postcondition} is either @emph{true} or omitted. Equivalent to @code{ZWITH ""}.
  @node ZWRITE
  @section ZWRITE
  @cindex ZWRITE
- Line 4579  SET MYSTRING="This is a ""string literal
+ Line 4682  SET MYSTRING="This is a ""string literal
  @cindex types, custom
  @cindex classes
- See @ref{Classes}.
+ See @ref{Object-Oriented Programming}.
  @node Globals
  @chapter Globals
- Line 4780  The effect of this is that the operation
+ Line 4883  The effect of this is that the operation
  @cindex variables, local
  @cindex local variables
+ @menu
+ * Local Variables Overview::            The basics of locals.
+ * Creating Local Variables::            Creating locals with SET.
+ * Removing Local Variables::            Removing locals with KILL.
+ @end menu
+ @node Local Variables Overview
  @section Local Variables Overview
  FreeM @emph{local variables} have the same data structure as global variables, but are scoped to a single FreeM process, and stored in memory.
- Line 4928  If you use other M implementations, you
+ Line 5038  If you use other M implementations, you
  @cindex programming, object-oriented
  @menu
- * Classes::                         The basis of object-oriented programming.
+ * Classes::                             The organizing concept of object-oriented programming.
- * Inheritance::                     Basing one class upon another.
+ * Inheritance::                         Making one class derive from another.
- * Methods::                         Attaching code to a class.
+ * Methods::                             Attach code to classes.
- * Public and Private Variables::    Managing class member access.
+ * Public and Private Variables::        Determining accessibility.
- * Instantiating Objects::           Creating instances of classes.
+ * Instantiating Objects::               Creating instances of classes.
- * Determining Object Class::        Getting object information at runtime.
  @end menu
  @node Classes
  @section Classes
- @menu
- * Class Overview::                  Class basics.
- * Constructors::                    Managing object creation.
- * Destructors::                     Cleaning up.
- * Runtime Polymorphism::            Selecting methods at runtime.
- @end menu
- @node Class Overview
  @subsection Class Overview
  A @emph{class} is the primary organizing concept of FreeM support for object-oriented programming, and in FreeM, is simply an M routine with a few special properties:
- Line 4964  DESTROY(THIS) ; This is the destructor
+ Line 5064  DESTROY(THIS) ; This is the destructor
  The above example demonstrates general class syntax.
- @node Constructors
  @subsection Constructors
  A @emph{constructor} is an M entry point that is called when a new instance of a class is created.
- Line 4989  A constructor looks like this:
+ Line 5088  A constructor looks like this:
  In the above example, @emph{<superclass>} represents the name of a class from which this class should inherit. In this case, the @code{FRACTION} class inherits from the @code{OBJECT} class. Note that this is not strictly necessary in this case, as all classes in FreeM automatically inherit from @code{OBJECT}.
- @node Destructors
  @subsection Destructors
  A @code{destructor} is called when you @code{KILL} an instance variable. Its tag must be @code{DESTROY}, and it must take one argument (@code{THIS}).
- Line 5016  Inheritance is achieved by specifying th
+ Line 5114  Inheritance is achieved by specifying th
  CLASS(THIS,INIT):SUPERCLASS
  @end example
- @node Runtime Polymorphism
  @subsection Runtime Polymorphism
  You can achieve runtime polymorphism by subclassing, and defining methods in the subclass that match the names of existing methods in the superclass. Following FreeM inheritance rules, the overridden method in the subclass will be called, and the method in the superclass will not.
- Line 5046  DEFAULT.USER> W MYOBJ.MYMETHOD()
+ Line 5143  DEFAULT.USER> W MYOBJ.MYMETHOD()
  VALUE
  @end example
  @node Public and Private Variables
  @section Public and Private Variables
  FreeM supports private fields with the @code{:PRIVATE} specifier in the @code{SET} command, enforcing classical object-oriented data encapsulation. The @code{:PUBLIC} specifier is provided for completeness, and is the default.
- Line 5080  NEW MYSTR=$#^%STRING("myString")
+ Line 5177  NEW MYSTR=$#^%STRING("myString")
  This will create a local variable called MYSTR of type STRING, and initialize it with the value myString.
- @node Determining Object Class
+ @subsection Determining Object Class
- @section Determining Object Class
  To determine the class of any FreeM local variable, you will use the @code{$$TYPE()} method:
- Line 5678  Raised when you attempt to use multiple
+ Line 5774  Raised when you attempt to use multiple
  Raised when attempts are made to set @code{$ECODE} to an invalid error code value. Obsolete and replaced by standard error code @code{M101}.
  @item @code{ZASSERT} - @emph{programmer assertion failed}
- Raised when an @code{ASSERT} expression's result is not true.
+ Raised when an @code{ZASSERT} expression's result is not true.
  @item @code{ZUSERERR} - @emph{user-defined error}
  Raised when program code calls @code{THROW} with an error code argument for which the first character is @code{U}, or when @code{$ECODE} is set to an error code for which the first character is @code{U}.
- Line 6394  int main(int argc, char **argv, char **e
+ Line 6490  int main(int argc, char **argv, char **e
  @cindex fmadm
  The @code{fmadm} utility is the preferred method of managing a FreeM installation, and will eventually replace all of the existing utilities.
- Unlike the existing, legacy utilities, @code{fmadm} presents a consistent, simple interface for all FreeM management tasks, and is namespace-aware.
+ In support of FreeM operators, @code{fmadm} presents a consistent, simple interface for all FreeM management tasks, and is namespace-aware.
- This appendix will document each @code{fmadm} facility as it is implemented, until all of the legacy utilities have been replaced.
+ This appendix will document each @code{fmadm} facility as it is implemented.
  The @code{fmadm} utility's functions all follow the below, consistent syntax:
- Line 6489  Supported actions are @code{list} and @c
+ Line 6585  Supported actions are @code{list} and @c
  @end table
- @node FreeM Legacy Utilities
- @appendix FreeM Legacy Utilities
- @cindex utilities, legacy
- @section Global Compactor (gcompact)
- @cindex utilities, legacy, gcompact
- Compacts the specified global in place.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- gcompact @emph{/path/to/global/file}
- @end example
- @section Block Examiner (gfix)
- @cindex utilities, gfix
- The @emph{gfix} interactive utility program permits navigation of the B-tree structure of the specified global a block at a time.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- gfix @emph{</path/to/global/file>}
- @end example
- @section Global Repair Tool (grestore)
- @cindex utilities, legacy, grestore
- This utility will fix problems with the specified global.
- @emph{Syntax}
- @example
- grestore @emph{</path/to/global/file>}
- @end example
  @node FreeM VIEW Commands and Functions
  @appendix FreeM VIEW Commands and Functions

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